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Country Name
Sudan

Data sources

PPrimary data were collected through six institutional survey rounds in 1984, 1993-1994 (under ISNAR’s “Indicators Series Project”), 2003-2004, 2008-2009, 2012-2013, and 2015-2016 (under ASTI). These data were combined with a number of secondary data sources from earlier years. See appendices and reference list in Beintema, Pardey, and Roseboom (1995) Download PDF and Beintema and Faki (2003) Download PDF.

Estimation procedures

  • For a number of agencies, research staff and expenditure data were missing for certain years. These have been interpolated or in a few cases extrapolated. Human capacity data were unavailable for FA-AU, FANR-UBAR, CAS-SUST, CVMAP-SUST, CNRES-UJ, FA-UUN, FAP-UUN, FA-UZ, FA-UAF, FAES-UGE, FA-US, FNR-US, and FNRES-UWK for 2000–08. These data have been estimated based on extrapolations from 1990s data collected by IFPRI –ISNAR–ASARECA 2002–03), Ageeb et al. (1999), Awad (2003), and Beintema et al (1995).
  • Expenditures for the higher-education agencies are estimates based on the average expenditures per researcher for the government agencies.
  • Salaries and living expenses of many expatriate researchers working on donor-supported projects at the (often main) agricultural research agencies are paid directly by their respective agency. The average implicit costs of expatriate R&D staff were calculated in the early 1990s (see Appendix 2 in Beintema, Pardey, and Roseboom 1995), and have been extrapolated to more recent years using salary averages of a few CGIAR centers.

For general ASTI data procedures and methodology, please visit www.asti.cgiar.org/methodology

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